Mary 'Emma' Veale (1873 - 1954) spent her early years living in the Kyeburn area of Central Otago, New Zealand. There she was raised by her parents, Samuel Jeffery Veale (1843 - 1929) and Isabella Jane [Blythe] Veale (1844 - 1904). Her father, Samuel, was a miner. He mined for both gold and coal in the Kyeburn area of Central Otago; mainly in the Middle Kyeburn and the Kyeburn Diggings (Upper Kyeburn). For a time, he also cultivated seven acres of land and grew oats.
At some point, probably in 1886 when Emma was about 13 years old (see below), Samuel and Isabella, decided to move their family from Central Otago to the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand; presumably seeking new and better opportunities for themselves and their children. It was during this move that Emma was left behind in Dunedin, according to the family story.
One day, Mrs Whale sent Emma on an errand to the shops. When Emma returned Mrs Whale had packed up her belongings and gone. After sitting on the doorstep for a while waiting for Mrs Whale to return and wondering what to do, Emma walked into town where she sheltered in a shed for a while. She was later found wandering the streets of Dunedin by a woman and two men who took Emma to their home, a ‘house of ill-repute’, and washed and fed her and made sure she went to school. From there, another family took her in for a while. Eventually, Emma’s parents forwarded the money needed for Emma’s travel to Dunedin. She was collected from where she was living and taken to Port Chalmers where she was put on a boat headed to the West Coast. There she was able to reconnect with her family who were awaiting her arrival at the wharf '
The account also contains some factual inaccuracies and raises a number of questions (as outlined below). While the account is undated, it was probably given by Winifred later in life and a number of years after she had been told the story by Emma herself. The reference to the ‘house of ill-repute’ in the oral version of the story told to me, was omitted in Winifred’s typed account, perhaps a detail Winifred preferred not to mention?
Winifred's account of what happened to her mother, as told to, and typed, by Shirley:
The family moved to the Kyeburn Diggings (Upper Kyeburn) not long after Emma was born. Naseby, Kyeburn and the Kyeburn Diggings are located close to one another in Central Otago:
Documentary evidence shows that Emma was the oldest child in the family. She had two sisters and one brother: Agnes Williams Veale, born on 1 September 1875[1]; Elspeth Sarah Veale, born on 2 June 1878[2]; and Samuel George Veale, born on 7 September 1881[3]; all born at the Kyeburn Diggings.
Emma turned 13 years old in the September of 1886. This suggests that Winifred’s account is incorrect when it says that Emma was about 5 years old when she was left in Dunedin. It is more likely that she was about 13 years old.
The second stage of the journey was by boat. Perhaps they sold their horse and cart on arrival in Dunedin in the hope of having sufficient funds to pay for their passage to Hokitika, retaining a little for their onward journey from Hokitika? Consistent with Winifred’s account, it would have been then that they realised they did not have enough money for them all to get to Hokitika and so the decision to leave Emma behind in Dunedin was made.
From Dunedin on the east coast, they would have travelled by boat around the south coast of the South Island of New Zealand to Hokitika on the west coast. Contrary to Winifred’s account, Greymouth would not have been their destination. Hokitika, a river port at the mouth of the Hokitika river, was the main port for the West Coast. Entering the port was a treacherous exercise and many a ship was damaged or lost crossing the bar.
From Hokitika, they would have travelled up the coast by land and then a little inland to Stillwater.
When Emma was left in Dunedin by her parents, she was left in the care of her father’s cousin, a Mrs Whale. So, who was this Mrs Whale? These days, we understand the term cousin to mean the child of a parent’s sibling. However, in past times, the term cousin has been used more loosely to refer to any collateral relative more distant than a brother or sister, for example, a niece or nephew or even a relative by marriage.
Emma’s Aunt Emma (her father’s sister), married William Morgan Whale[9]. This Aunt Emma died in London in 1869[10]. Her husband, William, and son Robert emigrated to New Zealand sometime after she died. They settled in Dunedin. William and Emma’s son Robert would have been Emma’s cousin. He would have been about 19 years old in 1886[11]. He didn’t marry until 1895[12] so no Mrs Whale there.
William Morgan Whale married his second wife, Janet Rowan Borthwick in New Zealand in 1878[13]. William was Emma’s Aunt’s husband, so Emma’s Uncle-in-law. His new wife was Emma’s cousin Robert’s step mother. Could she have been the Mrs Whale referred to? If it was William’s wife, where were William and Robert when Mrs Whale allegedly left Emma on her own?
Did Emma really get left with a relative in Dunedin? It seems likely that she did. Stories like this don’t come out of nowhere but the details about what happened are certainly fuzzy. If Emma really was abandoned by Mrs Whale and taken in by other people, how did anyone know where she was and how did the money from her father make it to her?
If we accept that Emma was left in Dunedin until money could be found for her passage to the West Coast, then all we really know for sure about that is that Emma did eventually arrive safely on the West Coast and she was reunited with her family.
Emma continued living in Reefton as a widow[20]. Her mother and father were also living in the area at that time[21]. Then, on 7 December 1900, Emma married Arthur Tregarthen Mumford, a miner[22]. Emma and Arthur had two children: Arthur Francis 'Frank' Mumford, born 1902 at Reefton[23] and William Charles Mumford, born 1905 at Reefton[24].
Emma and Arthur are listed separately to one another in the 1905/06 Buller Electoral Roll[25]. By 1914, Emma was living in Wellington. Emma is listed on the 1914 Wellington Central Electoral Roll as a married woman living at 107 Tory Street[26]. I haven't been able to find Arthur in the 1914 Electoral Roll.
At some stage during the War years (WW1), Arthur was living at 185a Cuba Street, Wellington[27]. I have no record of Emma ever living at 185a Cuba Street but she was living nearby. From at least 1916 to 1919, Emma was living at 290 Cuba Street, Wellington. At the time of commencing his World War I service on 10 October 1916, William Coop, Emma's son-in-law, (Winifred's husband), had given this address to Military Authorities as the address of his wife while he was away with the Military. By 1919, daughter, Winifred and son-in-law William Coop were both living at 290 Cuba Street with Emma[28][29].
It appears that some time around the end of the War, Emma's husband, Arthur, moved to Australia. He died in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia in 1927[30]
By 1946, Emma is shown on the 1946 Miramar Electoral Roll as living at 135 Seatoun Heights Road, Miramar, Wellington[33]. Emma’s daughter Winifred and her husband, William Coop, are also listed on the 1946 Miramar Electoral Roll. They are living at 31A Tio Tio Road, Seatoun, Wellington[34]. I haven’t been able to find Emma, Winifred and William Coop at the same address as each other in Wellington during this time period but Winifred’s daughter, Shirley, told me that, at some point not long before her family moved to Nelson, her grandmother, Emma, was living with them in Miramar. Emma was known within the family as ‘Da’.
In about February/March 1947[35], Emma moved to Nelson along with her daughter and son-in-law, Winifred and William Coop and her grandchildren, Shirley and Douglas. In 1949, the family, including Emma, was living at 47 Salisbury Street, Richmond, Nelson[36]. Emma was still living in Salisbury Street with Winifred and William in 1954 when she died[37].
Emma died on 27 May 1954 at the age of 80 years. The cause of death given was intestinal obstruction[38]. Contrary to her birth registration (see above), the death registration incorrectly states that she was born in Naseby:
At some point, probably in 1886 when Emma was about 13 years old (see below), Samuel and Isabella, decided to move their family from Central Otago to the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand; presumably seeking new and better opportunities for themselves and their children. It was during this move that Emma was left behind in Dunedin, according to the family story.
You can read more about Emma’s father, Samuel, and life in the Kyeburn area here.
Left Behind in Dunedin
It was my mother-in-law, Shirley [Coop] Chapman (1927-2018) who told me the story about Emma and how she was left behind in Dunedin by her parents during their move from Central Otago to the West Coast. Shirley had heard the story numerous times from her mother (Emma's daughter), Winifred [Darcy] Coop (1895 - 1990) and from her grandmother, Emma herself. |
| Chapman Family Collection: Three Generations (about 1946, Miramar, Wellington): Shirley Coop (later Chapman), Emma Mumford (born Veale, later Darcy) and Winifred Coop (born Darcy). |
'When Samuel and Isabella got to Dunedin with their family, they found they had insufficient money for the whole family to travel by boat from Dunedin to Hokitika. They decided to leave, Emma, their eldest child with a relative, Mrs Whale, in Dunedin. It was Samuel and Isabella’s intention to send money for Emma's travel to the West Coast as soon as they could.
One day, Mrs Whale sent Emma on an errand to the shops. When Emma returned Mrs Whale had packed up her belongings and gone. After sitting on the doorstep for a while waiting for Mrs Whale to return and wondering what to do, Emma walked into town where she sheltered in a shed for a while. She was later found wandering the streets of Dunedin by a woman and two men who took Emma to their home, a ‘house of ill-repute’, and washed and fed her and made sure she went to school. From there, another family took her in for a while. Eventually, Emma’s parents forwarded the money needed for Emma’s travel to Dunedin. She was collected from where she was living and taken to Port Chalmers where she was put on a boat headed to the West Coast. There she was able to reconnect with her family who were awaiting her arrival at the wharf '
Shirley also gave me a typed account of Emma's story. She had typed this account herself on one of the occasions that her mother told the story to her. The typed account is full of spelling mistakes and grammatical errors. This is unusual for Shirley who was quite particular about such things. However, on this occasion, it is likely her predominant focus was on typing the story as Winifred told it in order to capture as much as she could of what Winifred remembered being told.
The account also contains some factual inaccuracies and raises a number of questions (as outlined below). While the account is undated, it was probably given by Winifred later in life and a number of years after she had been told the story by Emma herself. The reference to the ‘house of ill-repute’ in the oral version of the story told to me, was omitted in Winifred’s typed account, perhaps a detail Winifred preferred not to mention?
Winifred's account of what happened to her mother, as told to, and typed, by Shirley:
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| Chapman Family Collection: Winifred's account about how her mother, Emma, came to be left behind in Dunedin and what happened there (as told to, and typed by, Winifred's daughter, Shirley) |
Factual Inaccuracies in Winifred’s Account
Documentary evidence suggests that some of the detail in Winifred’s account is incorrect.Emma’s Birthplace
Winifred’s account implies that Emma was born at Naseby in Central Otago. However, Emma was born at Kyeburn. Emma’s parents, Samuel and Isabella married at Naseby but they did not stay there for long. By the time Emma was born on 26 September 1873, they were living at Kyeburn, as per the place of birth recorded on Emma's birth entry: |
| Birth Entry - Registration 1873/42251 - Index at: Births, Deaths & Marriages Online [digital index] via New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs [Website] |
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| Naseby - Kyeburn - Kyeburn Diggings - Map created using Google My Maps (modified) |
Emma's Siblings
Winifred's typed account suggests that Elspeth, incorrectly spelt 'Elsbeth' in the typed account, was the second oldest child in the family after Emma and that Agnes, incorrectly spelt 'Agnus' in the typed account, came between Elspeth and George. This is incorrect. Agnes was older than Elspeth.Documentary evidence shows that Emma was the oldest child in the family. She had two sisters and one brother: Agnes Williams Veale, born on 1 September 1875[1]; Elspeth Sarah Veale, born on 2 June 1878[2]; and Samuel George Veale, born on 7 September 1881[3]; all born at the Kyeburn Diggings.
Samuel and Isabella [Blythe] Veale’s Marriage date
Contrary to Winifred’s account, Samuel married Isabella in 1872 not 1871. Samuel was 29 years old not 21 when they married[4]. Both Samuel and Isabella were immigrants to New Zealand.Timing of the Move to the West Coast
It isn't entirely clear when the family moved from the Kyeburn area in Central Otago to the West Coast but 1886 appears to have been a transition year. In 1886, Emma's father Samuel is listed as working in both places: He is listed in the New Zealand City and Area Directories[5] at the Kyeburn Diggings in Central Otago and on the 1886 Greymouth Electoral Roll[6] at Stillwater on the West Coast.Emma turned 13 years old in the September of 1886. This suggests that Winifred’s account is incorrect when it says that Emma was about 5 years old when she was left in Dunedin. It is more likely that she was about 13 years old.
West Coast Destination
Samuel’s intention in going to Stillwater on the West Coast was probably to work at the Brunner coalmine near Stillwater, as Winifred’s account of Emma’s story says. However, contrary to her account, the Brunner mine was not a new mine. Brunner is one of New Zealand’s earliest coal mines. Coal was first discovered there by Thomas Brunner in 1848. It opened in 1864 as a commercial mine[7][8].The journey from the Kyeburn area of Central Otago to Stillwater on the West Coast was a challenging one in 1886.
In the first stage of their journey, the family would have had to travel over difficult terrain from the Kyeburn Diggings to Dunedin. According to Winifred's account, the family sold their belongings to buy a horse and cart. This would have transported the family, and any belongings they didn't sell, to Dunedin.The second stage of the journey was by boat. Perhaps they sold their horse and cart on arrival in Dunedin in the hope of having sufficient funds to pay for their passage to Hokitika, retaining a little for their onward journey from Hokitika? Consistent with Winifred’s account, it would have been then that they realised they did not have enough money for them all to get to Hokitika and so the decision to leave Emma behind in Dunedin was made.
From Dunedin on the east coast, they would have travelled by boat around the south coast of the South Island of New Zealand to Hokitika on the west coast. Contrary to Winifred’s account, Greymouth would not have been their destination. Hokitika, a river port at the mouth of the Hokitika river, was the main port for the West Coast. Entering the port was a treacherous exercise and many a ship was damaged or lost crossing the bar.
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| Route - Kyeburn Diggings - Dunedin - Hokitika (by sea) - Stillwater. Map created with Google My Maps (modified) |
Questions raised by Emma's 'Left Behind' Story
Emma’s story about being left behind in Dunedin raises a number of questions:When Emma was left in Dunedin by her parents, she was left in the care of her father’s cousin, a Mrs Whale. So, who was this Mrs Whale? These days, we understand the term cousin to mean the child of a parent’s sibling. However, in past times, the term cousin has been used more loosely to refer to any collateral relative more distant than a brother or sister, for example, a niece or nephew or even a relative by marriage.
Emma’s Aunt Emma (her father’s sister), married William Morgan Whale[9]. This Aunt Emma died in London in 1869[10]. Her husband, William, and son Robert emigrated to New Zealand sometime after she died. They settled in Dunedin. William and Emma’s son Robert would have been Emma’s cousin. He would have been about 19 years old in 1886[11]. He didn’t marry until 1895[12] so no Mrs Whale there.
William Morgan Whale married his second wife, Janet Rowan Borthwick in New Zealand in 1878[13]. William was Emma’s Aunt’s husband, so Emma’s Uncle-in-law. His new wife was Emma’s cousin Robert’s step mother. Could she have been the Mrs Whale referred to? If it was William’s wife, where were William and Robert when Mrs Whale allegedly left Emma on her own?
Did Emma really get left with a relative in Dunedin? It seems likely that she did. Stories like this don’t come out of nowhere but the details about what happened are certainly fuzzy. If Emma really was abandoned by Mrs Whale and taken in by other people, how did anyone know where she was and how did the money from her father make it to her?
If we accept that Emma was left in Dunedin until money could be found for her passage to the West Coast, then all we really know for sure about that is that Emma did eventually arrive safely on the West Coast and she was reunited with her family.
The Rest of Emma’s Story
Marriage and Family
Initially Emma's family was based at Stillwater[14]. Later, in about 1890, the family moved to Cronadun[15]. At the age of 19, about four months before her 20th birthday, Emma married William Darcy. The wedding took place on 4 May 1893 at William's home at Black's Point, Reefton[16]. William was 30 years old and a bachelor:
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| Copy of marriage entry - Registration 1893/3974. Copy held by Author. |
William and Emma lived in Reefton where William worked as a Baker. Unfortunately, it wasn’t long into their marriage that Emma found herself a widow with a toddler of 2½ years (Winifred Alice Darcy) and a baby of 2½ months (Margaret 'Isabel' Darcy). William died on 5 July 1898 at the age of 35 years from cerebral inflammation following measles[17]. Winifred, who provided the account of her mother's story above, was born in 1895 at Black’s Point in Reefton[18]. Her sister, known as Isabel, was born in 1898 at Black’s Point in Reefton[19].
Life with Arthur
To date I haven’t been able to find out very much about Emma’s life with Arthur. Family stories suggest that he did not treat Emma well. I have no real evidence of this. However, Arthur doesn't seem to have been living with Emma from 1905 onwards.Emma and Arthur are listed separately to one another in the 1905/06 Buller Electoral Roll[25]. By 1914, Emma was living in Wellington. Emma is listed on the 1914 Wellington Central Electoral Roll as a married woman living at 107 Tory Street[26]. I haven't been able to find Arthur in the 1914 Electoral Roll.
At some stage during the War years (WW1), Arthur was living at 185a Cuba Street, Wellington[27]. I have no record of Emma ever living at 185a Cuba Street but she was living nearby. From at least 1916 to 1919, Emma was living at 290 Cuba Street, Wellington. At the time of commencing his World War I service on 10 October 1916, William Coop, Emma's son-in-law, (Winifred's husband), had given this address to Military Authorities as the address of his wife while he was away with the Military. By 1919, daughter, Winifred and son-in-law William Coop were both living at 290 Cuba Street with Emma[28][29].
It appears that some time around the end of the War, Emma's husband, Arthur, moved to Australia. He died in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia in 1927[30]
Later Life
In 1928 Emma appears on two Electoral Rolls[31]: Wellington Central Electoral Roll - 24 Kent Terrace and Wellington North Electoral Roll – 11 Stepney Place. The 1935 and 1938 Electoral Rolls[32] list Emma as living at 205 Grant Road (1935 Wellington North) and 14 Lloyd Street (1938 Wellington Central).
By 1946, Emma is shown on the 1946 Miramar Electoral Roll as living at 135 Seatoun Heights Road, Miramar, Wellington[33]. Emma’s daughter Winifred and her husband, William Coop, are also listed on the 1946 Miramar Electoral Roll. They are living at 31A Tio Tio Road, Seatoun, Wellington[34]. I haven’t been able to find Emma, Winifred and William Coop at the same address as each other in Wellington during this time period but Winifred’s daughter, Shirley, told me that, at some point not long before her family moved to Nelson, her grandmother, Emma, was living with them in Miramar. Emma was known within the family as ‘Da’.
In about February/March 1947[35], Emma moved to Nelson along with her daughter and son-in-law, Winifred and William Coop and her grandchildren, Shirley and Douglas. In 1949, the family, including Emma, was living at 47 Salisbury Street, Richmond, Nelson[36]. Emma was still living in Salisbury Street with Winifred and William in 1954 when she died[37].
Emma died on 27 May 1954 at the age of 80 years. The cause of death given was intestinal obstruction[38]. Contrary to her birth registration (see above), the death registration incorrectly states that she was born in Naseby:
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| Copy of Death Entry - Registration 1954/22713 |
Emma was buried on 29 May 1954 at Richmond Cemetery in Nelson (Block B, Row 9, Plot 79)[39]
Note: I have now moved my blogging efforts from this platform to WeAre.xyz so that I can integrate building my family history archive with blogging. This post, or an updated version of it, can be found at: https://app.weare.xyz/blog/the-dual-genealogist/blogposts/emmas-story
Notes
[1] Registration Number 1875/12836 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[2] Registration Number 1878/8175 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[2] Registration Number 1878/8175 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[3] Registration Number 1916/30208 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[4] Registration Number 1873/42251 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[5] BAB Microfilming; Auckland, New Zealand; Collection Title: New Zealand City & Area Directories, 1866-1955; Directory: Wise´s New Zealand Post Office Directory via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, City & Area Directories, 1866-1954 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010
[6] 1886 Greymouth Electoral Roll via Microfiche, Manukau City Reference Library Microfiche. Viewed by Author (Jane Chapman) in 1993
[7] 'Brunner Mine Site' via NZ Museums [Website]. Accessed 27 December 2022:
[4] Registration Number 1873/42251 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[5] BAB Microfilming; Auckland, New Zealand; Collection Title: New Zealand City & Area Directories, 1866-1955; Directory: Wise´s New Zealand Post Office Directory via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, City & Area Directories, 1866-1954 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010
[6] 1886 Greymouth Electoral Roll via Microfiche, Manukau City Reference Library Microfiche. Viewed by Author (Jane Chapman) in 1993
[7] 'Brunner Mine Site' via NZ Museums [Website]. Accessed 27 December 2022:
https://www.nzmuseums.co.nz/collections/3306/brunner-mine-site
[8] 'Brunner Mine' via Wikipedia [Website]. Accessed 22 December 2022:
[8] 'Brunner Mine' via Wikipedia [Website]. Accessed 22 December 2022:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunner_Mine
[9] London Metropolitan Archives; London, England; Reference Number: p89/ctc/074 via Ancestry.com. London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns, 1754-1932 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010.
[10] FreeBMD. England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1837-1915 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006
[11] His birth was registered Q1, 1867 Registration District Marylebone, London Vol 1a, Page 500 - FreeBMD. England & Wales, Civil Registration Birth Index, 1837-1915 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006.
[12] Registration Number: 1895/1578 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[13] Registration Number 1878/2237 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[14] Emma’s father, Samuel, is listed on the 1886, 1887 Greymouth Electoral Roll as a miner at Stillwater – accessed by author (Jane Chapman) via Microfiche, Manukau City Reference Library Microfiche
[15] Emma’s father, Samuel, is listed in the 1890 Inangahua Electoral Roll as a miner at Cronadun - accessed by author (Jane Chapman) via Microfiche, Manukau City Reference Library Microfiche
[16] Registration Number 1893/3974 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[17] Registration Number 1898/3769 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[18] Registration Number: 1895/12109 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[19] Registration Number: 1898/15541 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[20] The 1899 Buller Electoral Roll lists her as: Darcy, Mary Emma - Reefton - Household duties – residential - 1899 Buller Electoral Roll entry viewed by the Author (Jane Chapman), 1993, via Microfiche, Manukau City Reference Library.
[21] See: Jane Chapman 'From Pauper Relief to Mariner to Miner and More: Samuel Jeffery Veale' BJNL's Genealogy [Blog] (https://bjnlsgenealogy.blogspot.com/2021/01/samuel-jeffery-veale-1843-1929.html : posted 9 January 2021)
[22] Registration Number: 1900/926 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[23] Registration Number: 1903/15173 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[24] Registration Number: 1905/11172 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[25] 1905-1906 Buller Electoral Rolls via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010
[26] 1914 Wellington Central Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010
[27] We have a postcard sent to Arthur at that address by Frank Dornan. Although the postcard is undated, it appears to have been sent by Frank while overseas during, or shortly after, World War 1. See: Jane Chapman 'Frank Dornan: Postcards, Family Relationships and Military Service' BJNL's Genealogy [Blog] (https://bjnlsgenealogy.blogspot.com/2022/01/postcard-from-frank-to-cousin-winnie.html : posted 7 January 2022)
[9] London Metropolitan Archives; London, England; Reference Number: p89/ctc/074 via Ancestry.com. London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns, 1754-1932 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010.
[10] FreeBMD. England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1837-1915 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006
[11] His birth was registered Q1, 1867 Registration District Marylebone, London Vol 1a, Page 500 - FreeBMD. England & Wales, Civil Registration Birth Index, 1837-1915 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006.
[12] Registration Number: 1895/1578 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[13] Registration Number 1878/2237 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[14] Emma’s father, Samuel, is listed on the 1886, 1887 Greymouth Electoral Roll as a miner at Stillwater – accessed by author (Jane Chapman) via Microfiche, Manukau City Reference Library Microfiche
[15] Emma’s father, Samuel, is listed in the 1890 Inangahua Electoral Roll as a miner at Cronadun - accessed by author (Jane Chapman) via Microfiche, Manukau City Reference Library Microfiche
[16] Registration Number 1893/3974 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[17] Registration Number 1898/3769 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[18] Registration Number: 1895/12109 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[19] Registration Number: 1898/15541 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.
[20] The 1899 Buller Electoral Roll lists her as: Darcy, Mary Emma - Reefton - Household duties – residential - 1899 Buller Electoral Roll entry viewed by the Author (Jane Chapman), 1993, via Microfiche, Manukau City Reference Library.
[21] See: Jane Chapman 'From Pauper Relief to Mariner to Miner and More: Samuel Jeffery Veale' BJNL's Genealogy [Blog] (https://bjnlsgenealogy.blogspot.com/2021/01/samuel-jeffery-veale-1843-1929.html : posted 9 January 2021)
[22] Registration Number: 1900/926 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[23] Registration Number: 1903/15173 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[24] Registration Number: 1905/11172 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[25] 1905-1906 Buller Electoral Rolls via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010
[26] 1914 Wellington Central Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010
[27] We have a postcard sent to Arthur at that address by Frank Dornan. Although the postcard is undated, it appears to have been sent by Frank while overseas during, or shortly after, World War 1. See: Jane Chapman 'Frank Dornan: Postcards, Family Relationships and Military Service' BJNL's Genealogy [Blog] (https://bjnlsgenealogy.blogspot.com/2022/01/postcard-from-frank-to-cousin-winnie.html : posted 7 January 2022)
[28] Military Records - COOP, William Harold – Collection Item ID:R24055378, Series Number:18805 via Collections, Archives New Zealand [Website] Accessed 22 December 2022:
https://ndhadeliver.natlib.govt.nz/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE19174302
[29] 1919 Wellington Central Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022:
[29] 1919 Wellington Central Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022:
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1836/
[30] 'NSW Pioneer Index - Between the Wars Series 1919-1945' via Ancestry.com. 'Australia, Death Index, 1787-1985' Ancestry.com Operations, Inc. 2010 Provo, UT, USA
[31] 1928 Wellington Central Electoral Roll and Wellington North Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[32] 1935 Wellington North Electoral Roll and 1938 Wellington Central Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[33] 1946 Miramar Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[34] 1946 Miramar Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[35] This date is based on the following: Shirley, Winifred’s daughter/Emma’s granddaughter, received a reference from her then employer indicating that she had left her employment at the end of February 1947 as her family was moving to Nelson. The Author (Jane Chapman) has the original copy of this reference
[36] 1949 Nelson Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010
[37] 1954 Nelson Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[38] Registration Number: 1954/22713 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[39] Cemeteries Search [online database) via Tasman District Council [Website] Accessed 23 December 2021: https://tasman.govt.nz/my-community/cemeteries/cemetery-search
[30] 'NSW Pioneer Index - Between the Wars Series 1919-1945' via Ancestry.com. 'Australia, Death Index, 1787-1985' Ancestry.com Operations, Inc. 2010 Provo, UT, USA
[31] 1928 Wellington Central Electoral Roll and Wellington North Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[32] 1935 Wellington North Electoral Roll and 1938 Wellington Central Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[33] 1946 Miramar Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[34] 1946 Miramar Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[35] This date is based on the following: Shirley, Winifred’s daughter/Emma’s granddaughter, received a reference from her then employer indicating that she had left her employment at the end of February 1947 as her family was moving to Nelson. The Author (Jane Chapman) has the original copy of this reference
[36] 1949 Nelson Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010
[37] 1954 Nelson Electoral Roll via Ancestry.com. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1853-1981 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Accessed 22 December 2022
[38] Registration Number: 1954/22713 - Index at: 'Births, Deaths & Marriages Online', [digital index], New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs
[39] Cemeteries Search [online database) via Tasman District Council [Website] Accessed 23 December 2021: https://tasman.govt.nz/my-community/cemeteries/cemetery-search
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